Frameworks · Sweden

AI governance frameworks and AI regulation in Sweden

Sweden governs AI through EU law applied by national authorities. The EU AI Act and the GDPR apply directly, with PTS, IMY and Finansinspektionen named to supervise the AI Act from June 2026. Swedish law adds rules on automated decisions by public authorities, and Digg and IMY guide the public sector on generative AI. These are the Swedish instruments, with the EU and international frameworks most organisations build on.

Who regulates AI here

Integritetsskyddsmyndigheten (IMY)Sweden's data protection authority, which supervises the GDPR and is market surveillance authority under the AI Act for most prohibited practices and for biometrics, law enforcement, migration and justice.
Post- och telestyrelsen (PTS)The single point of contact for the EU AI Act in Sweden, market surveillance authority for areas such as employment, education and critical infrastructure, and the authority setting up the AI regulatory sandbox.
FinansinspektionenSupervises banks, insurers and other financial firms, and is AI Act market surveillance authority for credit scoring within its remit and life and health insurance pricing.
Myndigheten för digital förvaltning (Digg)Supports AI use across public administration, publishes the generative AI guidelines with IMY and supports the implementation of Sweden's AI strategy.
LäkemedelsverketMarket surveillance authority under the AI Act for high-risk AI in medical devices and in vitro diagnostic medical devices.

Sweden

Sweden applies the EU AI Act through five national authorities led by PTS, with rules for automated decisions by public authorities in the Administrative Procedure Act and national guidelines for generative AI in the public sector.

LawSweden AI Act authoritiesSweden's AI Act authorities and national implementationHow Sweden supervises the EU AI Act. The five authorities named in June 2026, what PTS, IMY and Finansinspektionen oversee, and the pending national act.Interim designation in force to 31 December 2026. National supplementary act pending.LawFörvaltningslagen section 28Förvaltningslagen section 28 and automated decisions by Swedish authoritiesSweden's Administrative Procedure Act lets authorities decide automatically. What section 28 allows, the duties that still apply and what it means for AI.In force since 1 July 2018 Public sector policySweden generative AI guidelinesDigg and IMY guidelines for generative AI in public administration (Sweden)Digg and IMY's 18 national guidelines for generative AI in Swedish public administration, and what they ask of agencies, municipalities and suppliers.Published January 2025, in use

All Sweden frameworks

European Union

The EU AI Act sets risk-based obligations for AI placed on the EU market or used in the EU, alongside the GDPR's rules on automated decisions.

LawEU AI ActEU AI Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689)The EU AI Act sets risk-based rules for AI used in the EU. What it requires of providers and deployers, and the dates as amended by the 2026 Digital Omnibus.In force, applying in stages to 2028In Aicura from Enterprise LawGDPR Article 22GDPR Article 22 and automated decision-makingGDPR Article 22 limits solely automated decisions with legal or similarly significant effects. Who it applies to, the exceptions, safeguards and AI duties.In force since May 2018, amendment proposed Voluntary frameworkGPAI Code of PracticeGeneral-Purpose AI Code of PracticeThe EU GPAI Code of Practice is how model providers show they meet AI Act duties on transparency, copyright and systemic risk. What it covers and who signs.Published July 2025, in use Voluntary frameworkTrustworthy AI and ALTAIEthics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI and the Assessment List (ALTAI)The EU's Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI set seven requirements, and ALTAI turns them into a self-assessment checklist. What they cover and who uses it.Published 2019 and 2020, voluntary

All European Union frameworks

International

Standards and frameworks that apply across borders. Most organisations use one of these as the backbone of their AI governance, whatever their jurisdiction.

StandardISO/IEC 42001ISO/IEC 42001:2023 AI management systemsISO/IEC 42001 is the certifiable international standard for an AI management system. What it requires, how Annex A works and how to get ready to certify.Published December 2023, current editionIn Aicura from Pro StandardISO/IEC 42005ISO/IEC 42005:2025 AI system impact assessmentISO/IEC 42005 is international guidance on assessing how an AI system affects people and society, when to assess, what to record and how it links to 42001.Published May 2025, current edition Voluntary frameworkNIST AI RMFNIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0)The NIST AI RMF is a voluntary framework for managing AI risk through four functions, Govern, Map, Measure and Manage. What it asks and who uses it worldwide.Version 1.0 current, revision under wayIn Aicura from Pro Voluntary frameworkNIST Generative AI ProfileNIST AI RMF Generative AI Profile (NIST AI 600-1)NIST AI 600-1 applies the AI Risk Management Framework to generative AI. Its 12 risks, the suggested actions behind them and who uses the profile and why.Final, published July 2024 StandardISO/IEC 23894ISO/IEC 23894:2023 Guidance on AI risk managementISO/IEC 23894 adapts the ISO 31000 risk process to AI. What the guidance covers, its AI risk sources and lifecycle mapping, and how it fits with ISO 42001.Published February 2023, current edition StandardISO/IEC 38507ISO/IEC 38507:2022 Governance implications of the use of AI by organizationsISO/IEC 38507 is guidance for boards on governing an organisation's use of AI. What it asks of directors, how it links to ISO/IEC 38500 and who uses it.Published April 2022, current edition Voluntary frameworkOECD AI PrinciplesOECD Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence (OECD AI Principles)The OECD AI Principles are the intergovernmental standard for trustworthy AI, adopted 2019 and revised 2024. The five principles and how to apply them.Adopted May 2019, revised May 2024 Voluntary frameworkHUDERIAHUDERIA: Risk and impact assessment of AI systems for human rights, democracy and the rule of lawHUDERIA is the Council of Europe's method for assessing AI risks to human rights, democracy and the rule of law. Its four elements, scoring and who uses it.Methodology and Model adopted, non-binding LawCouncil of Europe AI ConventionCouncil of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225)The Council of Europe AI Convention is the first binding international treaty on AI. Who has signed and ratified, what it asks of parties and when it applies.Open for signature, not yet in force Voluntary frameworkG7 Hiroshima Code of ConductHiroshima Process International Code of Conduct for Organizations Developing Advanced AI SystemsThe G7 Hiroshima Code of Conduct sets 11 voluntary actions for advanced AI developers, with OECD HAIP reporting. What it asks and who reports under HAIP 2.0.Voluntary, reporting framework v2.0 live Voluntary frameworkUNESCO AI Ethics RecommendationUNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial IntelligenceUNESCO's Recommendation on the Ethics of AI is the global standard its member states adopted in 2021. Its values, principles and Ethical Impact Assessment.Adopted November 2021

All International frameworks

Questions

Does Sweden have an AI law?

Not a national one yet. The EU AI Act applies directly in Sweden. An inquiry report, SOU 2025:101, proposed a Swedish act with supplementary provisions on authorities, sanctions and the sandbox. Until it is adopted, a Government decision of 4 June 2026 names the supervising authorities until 31 December 2026.

Who enforces the EU AI Act in Sweden?

Five authorities. PTS is the single point of contact and main market surveillance authority, IMY covers most prohibited practices and several high-risk areas, Finansinspektionen covers credit scoring and insurance pricing within its remit, Läkemedelsverket covers medical devices and Swedac notifies conformity assessment bodies.

Can Swedish authorities make automated decisions with AI?

Section 28 of the Administrative Procedure Act allows authorities to make decisions automatically, and the GDPR's rules on automated decisions apply alongside it. The Digg and IMY guidelines advise against letting generative AI decide matters that directly affect people on its own.

What is Sweden's AI strategy?

The Government published Sweden's AI strategy on 20 February 2026. It aims for Sweden to be among the world's ten leading AI nations, gives AI and data assignments to more than 100 agencies, and tasks Digg and PTS with supporting its implementation. It sets ambitions rather than legal obligations.

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