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Frameworks · Ghana

AI governance frameworks and AI regulation in Ghana

Ghana has no AI-specific law. It governs AI through the Data Protection Act 2012 (Act 843), whose section 41 covers decisions based solely on automated processing. The National AI Strategy 2025 to 2035, launched in April 2026, plans a Responsible AI Authority, and a draft Data Protection Bill 2025 would add duties for emerging technologies.

Who regulates AI here

Ghana

Ghana regulates automated decisions through the Data Protection Act 2012, with a National AI Strategy launched in 2026 that plans a Responsible AI Authority.

LawAct 843 section 41Ghana Data Protection Act 2012 (Act 843) and automated decision-takingSection 41 of Ghana's Data Protection Act 2012 lets people require that significant decisions are not solely automated. Rights, exceptions and AI.In force. Data Protection Bill 2025 to replace it is in draft.Public sector policyGhana National AI StrategyGhana National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2025 to 2035Ghana's National AI Strategy 2025 to 2035, launched on 24 April 2026. Its eight pillars, the planned Responsible AI Authority and what it means for governance.Approved by Cabinet and launched on 24 April 2026. A strategy, not legislation.

All Ghana frameworks

International

Standards and frameworks that apply across borders. Most organisations use one of these as the backbone of their AI governance, whatever their jurisdiction.

StandardISO/IEC 42001ISO/IEC 42001:2023 AI management systemsISO/IEC 42001 is the certifiable international standard for an AI management system. What it requires, how Annex A works and how to get ready to certify.Published December 2023, current editionIn Aicura from ProStandardISO/IEC 42005ISO/IEC 42005:2025 AI system impact assessmentISO/IEC 42005 is international guidance on assessing how an AI system affects people and society, when to assess, what to record and how it links to 42001.Published May 2025, current editionVoluntary frameworkNIST AI RMFNIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0)The NIST AI RMF is a voluntary framework for managing AI risk through four functions, Govern, Map, Measure and Manage. What it asks and who uses it worldwide.Version 1.0 current, revision under wayIn Aicura from ProVoluntary frameworkNIST Generative AI ProfileNIST AI RMF Generative AI Profile (NIST AI 600-1)NIST AI 600-1 applies the AI Risk Management Framework to generative AI. Its 12 risks, the suggested actions behind them and who uses the profile and why.Final, published July 2024StandardISO/IEC 23894ISO/IEC 23894:2023 Guidance on AI risk managementISO/IEC 23894 adapts the ISO 31000 risk process to AI. What the guidance covers, its AI risk sources and lifecycle mapping, and how it fits with ISO 42001.Published February 2023, current editionStandardISO/IEC 38507ISO/IEC 38507:2022 Governance implications of the use of AI by organizationsISO/IEC 38507 is guidance for boards on governing an organisation's use of AI. What it asks of directors, how it links to ISO/IEC 38500 and who uses it.Published April 2022, current editionVoluntary frameworkOECD AI PrinciplesOECD Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence (OECD AI Principles)The OECD AI Principles are the intergovernmental standard for trustworthy AI, adopted 2019 and revised 2024. The five principles and how to apply them.Adopted May 2019, revised May 2024Voluntary frameworkHUDERIAHUDERIA: Risk and impact assessment of AI systems for human rights, democracy and the rule of lawHUDERIA is the Council of Europe's method for assessing AI risks to human rights, democracy and the rule of law. Its four elements, scoring and who uses it.Methodology and Model adopted, non-bindingLawCouncil of Europe AI ConventionCouncil of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law (CETS No. 225)The Council of Europe AI Convention is the first binding international treaty on AI. Who has signed and ratified, what it asks of parties and when it applies.Open for signature, not yet in forceVoluntary frameworkG7 Hiroshima Code of ConductHiroshima Process International Code of Conduct for Organizations Developing Advanced AI SystemsThe G7 Hiroshima Code of Conduct sets 11 voluntary actions for advanced AI developers, with OECD HAIP reporting. What it asks and who reports under HAIP 2.0.Voluntary, reporting framework v2.0 liveVoluntary frameworkUNESCO AI Ethics RecommendationUNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial IntelligenceUNESCO's Recommendation on the Ethics of AI is the global standard its member states adopted in 2021. Its values, principles and Ethical Impact Assessment.Adopted November 2021

All International frameworks

Aicura in Ghana

Frameworks elsewhere

Guides

Questions

Does Ghana have an AI law?

No. Ghana launched a National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2025 to 2035 on 24 April 2026, which recommends a Responsible AI Authority and an agenda for legislation, but no AI-specific law is in force. The Data Protection Act 2012 is the binding rule for AI that processes personal data.

Is there a right not to be subject to automated decisions in Ghana?

Section 41 of the Data Protection Act 2012 lets an individual require by written notice that significant decisions about them are not based solely on automated processing, and to require reconsideration of such a decision within twenty-one days. The draft Data Protection Bill 2025 would restate it as a right not to be subject to such decisions.

What is the Responsible AI Authority?

An independent body the National AI Strategy recommends establishing in its first year to lead implementation, coordinate institutions, monitor progress and set an agenda for legislative enablement. The strategy suggests the Data Protection Commission could incubate it.

Who regulates AI in Ghana?

No single body yet. The Data Protection Commission regulates AI that processes personal data, the Ministry of Communication, Digital Technology and Innovations leads AI policy, and the Bank of Ghana is developing a directive for AI in the financial sector.

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